Waterspangles Identification & Treatment
Scientific Name: Salvinia oblongifolia (and other small Salvinia spp.) Category: Floating Tier: 3 — Localized — Variable invasiveness
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Identification
Waterspangles are small floating ferns that form clusters on the water surface. Leaves are oblong and arranged in pairs, typically less than 1 inch long. The upper leaf surface has fine hairs. Similar in structure to other salvinia species but generally smaller. Key distinguishing features:
- Small floating fern with paired oblong leaves
- Leaves under 1 inch, forming dense clusters
- Fine hairs on upper leaf surface
- Modified submerged leaf beneath each pair
Commonly confused with: Common Salvinia (similar size and structure — proper species identification may require magnification), Duckweed (much simpler leaf structure)
Treatment
Proper species identification is important before treatment, as management intensity varies by species. Treat similarly to common salvinia.
- Clipper SC (flumioxazin) — Contact herbicide.
- Galleon SC (penoxsulam) — Systemic option.
Full Profile
- Native Range: Central and South America
- US Distribution: Southern United States, Gulf Coast region. USDA Zones 8–11.
- Regulatory Status: Variable by species and state.
- Habitat: Still freshwater — ponds, lakes, slow ditches.
- Reproduction: Vegetative fragmentation.
- Ecological Benefits: Minimal. Surface coverage can reduce light and oxygen.
Sources: Texas A&M AquaPlant | USDA PLANTS Database
Related Species
- Common Salvinia (Salvinia minima) — Floating, Tier 2
- Giant Salvinia (Salvinia molesta) — Floating, Tier 2
- Mosquito Fern (Azolla) (Azolla spp.) — Floating, Tier 3
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